Multicast is a bandwidth conserving technology that reduces traffic by simultaneously delivering a single stream of information to thousands of corporate recipients and homes. Applications that take advantage of multicast technologies include video conferencing, corporate communications, distance learning, and distribution of software, stock quotes, and news.
Key Multicast Players
- Multicast Routers
- Multicast Clients
- Multicast Source or Server
- Multicast Routing Protocol
- Group Management Protocol
Types of Traffic
- Unicast
- Broadcast
- Multicast
Multicast Routing Protocols
- PIM Spare Mode
- PIM Dense Mode – Flooding and Pruning
Group Management Protocol
- Internet Group Management Protocol or IGMP
Rendezvous Points
- Routers running PIM that form the Multicast Tree
Class D Address and Link Local Scope Address
- First 4 bits = 1110
- TTL = 1
- 224.0.0.0 – 239.255.255.255 – Range
- 224.0.0.1 – All Host
- 224.0.0.2 – All Multicast Routers
- 224.0.0.5 – All OSPF
- 224.0.0.6 – All OSPF DR
- 224.0.0.10 – All EIGRP
Notations
- The ( S, G ) notation represents a Source and Group
- The ( *, G ) notation represents a Source Wildcard and Group
- The ( *, * ) notation represents a Source Wildcard and Wildcard Group
Simulation
- Client – From a Randeveous on the Interface ip igmp join-group 224.X.X.X
- Server – From the Server ping
Configure R1’s Serial0/0 with PIM dense mode multicast
R1#configure terminal R1(config)#ip multicast routing R1(config)#interface Serial0/0 R1(config-interface)#ip address 10.1.2.1 255.255.255.252 R1(config-interface)#ip pim dense-mode R1(config-interface)#serial restart-delay 0 R1(config-interface)#exit R1(config)#exit R1#
Configure R1’s Serial1/0 wtih PIM dense mode Multicast
R1#configure terminal R1(config)#interface Serial1/0 R1(config-if)#ip address 10.1.4.1 255.255.255.252 R1(config-if)#ip pim dense-mode R1(config-if)#serial restart-delay 0 R1(config-if)#exit R1(config)#exit R1#
Configure R1 with the EIGRP routing protocol
R1#configure terminal R1(config)#router eigrp 1 R1(config-router)#network 10.1.2.0 0.0.0.3 R1(config-router)#network 10.1.4.0 0.0.0.3 R1(config-router)#no auto-summary R1(config-router)#eigrp router-id 100.100.100.100 R1(config-router)#exit R1(config)#exit R1#
R1#show ip pim neighbor PIM Neighbor Table Mode: B - Bidir Capable, DR - Designated Router, N - Default DR Priority, S - State Refresh Capable Neighbor Interface Uptime/Expires Ver DR Address Prio/Mode 10.1.2.2 Serial0/0 00:28:47/00:01:33 v2 1 / S 10.1.4.2 Serial0/1 00:28:44/00:01:35 v2 1 / S
Configure R2 with EIGRP routing protocol
R2#configure terminal R2(config)#ip multicast routing R2(config)#router eigrp 1 R2(config-router)#network 10.1.2.0 0.0.0.3 R2(config-router)#no auto-summary R2(config-router)#eigrp router-id 10.1.2.2 R2(config-router)#exit R2(config)#exit R2#
Configure R2 as a PIM dense mode Multicast rendezvous point
R2#configure termnal R2(config)#interface Serial0/0 R2(config-if)#ip address 10.0.2.2 255.255.255.252 R2(config-if)#ip pim dense-mode R2(config-if)#serial restart-delay 0 R2(config-if)#exit R2(config)#exit R2#
R2#show ip pim neighbor PIM Neighbor Table Mode: B - Bidir Capable, DR - Designated Router, N - Default DR Priority, S - State Refresh Capable Neighbor Interface Uptime/Expires Ver DR Address Prio/Mode 10.1.2.1 Serial0/0 00:28:42/00:01:33 v2 1 / S
Configure R3 with EIGRP routing protocol
R3#configure terminal R3(config)#ip multicast routing R3(config)#router eigrp 1 R3(config-router)#network 10.1.3.0 0.0.0.3 R3(config-router)#network 10.2.3.0 0.0.0.3 R3(config-router)#no auto-summary R3(config-router)#eigrp router-id 10.2.3.2 R3(config-router)#exit R3(config)#exit R3#
Configure R3 as a PIM dense mode Multicast rendezvous point
R3#configure terminal R3(config)#interface Serial0/0 R3(config-if)#ip address 10.2.3.2 255.255.255.252 R3(config-if)#ip pim dense-mode R3(config-if)#serial restart-delay 0 R3(config-if)#end R3#
R3#show ip pim neighbor PIM Neighbor Table Mode: B - Bidir Capable, DR - Designated Router, N - Default DR Priority, S - State Refresh Capable Neighbor Interface Uptime/Expires Ver DR Address Prio/Mode 10.2.3.1 Serial0/0 00:55:09/00:01:16 v2 1 / S 10.0.4.2 Serial0/1 00:55:09/00:01:17 v2 1 / S 10.0.5.2 Serial0/2 00:55:09/00:01:15 v2 1 / S
Configure R4 with EIGRP routing protocol
R4#configure terminal R4(config)#router eigrp 1 R4(config-if)#network 10.1.4.0 0.0.0.3 R4(config-if)#no auto-summary R4(config-if)#eigrp router-id 10.1.4.2 R4(config-if)#exit R4(config)#exit R4#
Configure R4 as a PIM dense mode Multicast rendezvous point
R4#configure terminal R4(config)#interface Serial0/0 R4(config-if)#ip address 10.1.4.2 255.255.255.252 R4(config-if)#ip pim dense-mode R4(config-if)#serial restart-delay 0 R4(config-if)#exit R4(config)#exit R4#
R4#show ip pim neighbor PIM Neighbor Table Mode: B - Bidir Capable, DR - Designated Router, N - Default DR Priority, S - State Refresh Capable Neighbor Interface Uptime/Expires Ver DR Address Prio/Mode 10.1.4.1 Serial0/0 00:28:28/00:01:33 v2 1 / S
Configure R5 with EIGRP routing protocol
R5#configure terminal R5(config)#ip multicast routing R5(config)#router eigrp 1 R5(config-router)#network 10.4.5.0 0.0.0.3 R5(config-router)#no auto-summary R5(config-router)#eigrp router-id 10.4.5.2 R5(config-router)#exit R5(config)#exit R5#
Configure R5 as a PIM dense mode Multicast rendezvous point
R5#configure terminal R5(config)#interface Serial0/0 R5(config-if)#ip address 10.4.5.2 255.255.255.252 R5(config-if)#ip pim dense-mode R5(config-if)#serial restart-delay 0 R5(config-if)#exit R5(config)#exit R5#
R5#show ip pim neighbor PIM Neighbor Table Mode: B - Bidir Capable, DR - Designated Router, N - Default DR Priority, S - State Refresh Capable Neighbor Interface Uptime/Expires Ver DR Address Prio/Mode 10.4.5.1 Serial0/0 00:28:22/00:01:33 v2 1 / S
